Promising Benefits of RBAC on Canines

The immune system of humans and canines are closely related. Canines have been studied as better animal models of immune therapy for humans compared to the use of mice. In previous studies, mice injected with immune modulators have provided important insights, and similar approaches in canines have helped to further our understanding. Studies have revealed that there are phenotypic and functional similarities between NK cells of humans and canines. Canine immune markers that are needed to enhance NK function are also similar to those seen in humans, and these markers are often presented on the cell surface and assessed using peripheral blood samples. Since there are similarities between human and canine immune systems, there is a potential benefit in the use of RBAC among canines. RBAC is a promising and untapped resource that could promote immune and overall health among canines. It is important to note that ethical research involving animal models, including canines, requires a permit number to ensure regulatory compliance.

Introduction to RBAC

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) is a foundational security strategy that enables users to access sensitive information and systems based on their specific roles within an organization. In the rapidly evolving fields of gene therapy and vaccine development, RBAC plays a critical role in safeguarding sensitive data and controlling access to vital resources, such as viral vectors. By restricting access to only those users who are authorized, RBAC helps maintain a secure and controlled environment, reducing the risk of data breaches and unauthorized exposure of sensitive information. This level of control is especially important when handling infectious agents and genetic materials, ensuring that research and development processes remain compliant with security protocols and regulatory standards.

Key Features and Benefits of RBAC

RBAC offers several key features that make it an essential tool for organizations involved in gene therapy and vaccine development. One of its primary strengths is the ability to assign users to specific roles, each with clearly defined permissions and access rights. This structure allows organizations to control who can access sensitive information and critical systems, ensuring that users only interact with the data and resources necessary for their responsibilities. The benefits of implementing RBAC include enhanced data security, reduced risk of unauthorized access, and improved compliance with regulatory requirements. In research and development settings, RBAC also supports standardized and controlled workflows, which are vital for maintaining the integrity and safety of therapeutic products throughout the development process.

Immune Response and Cell Death

The immune response to viral vectors used in gene therapy is a complex and dynamic process involving multiple cell types and signaling molecules. When viral vectors are introduced, the immune system mounts a response to recognize and eliminate infected cells, often through mechanisms such as cell death or apoptosis. This process is an important aspect of controlling infection and ensuring that only healthy cells persist. However, excessive cell death can lead to tissue damage and compromise the therapeutic effects of gene therapy. Understanding the balance between effective immune response and controlled cell death is crucial for optimizing the safety and efficacy of gene therapy interventions. Ongoing and future studies are needed to further investigate these processes, with the goal of minimizing adverse effects while maximizing therapeutic benefits.

Laboratory Techniques and Testing

A comprehensive assessment of gene therapy products relies on a range of laboratory techniques and testing methods. Techniques such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting analysis are commonly used to detect and quantify viral particles, as well as to evaluate the immune response generated by viral vectors. Laboratory animals, including mice, play a significant role in preclinical testing, allowing researchers to study the safety and efficacy of gene therapy in a controlled, living system. These laboratory methods are essential for identifying potential risks, monitoring immune responses, and ensuring that gene therapy and vaccine products meet rigorous safety and efficacy standards before advancing to clinical use.

Rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is a recently developed functional food that has been shown to have a wide range of inflammation management and immune modulating effects. It is a modified rice bran composed of polysaccharides called arabinoxylan hemicelluloses that has been treated enzymatically with Shiitake mushroom extract. This potent biological response modifier stimulates immune cells particularly Natural Killer (NK) Cells and T and B lymphocytes to improve overall health. In studies evaluating immune modulation, antibody titers and humoral immune response are important measures to determine the effects of RBAC. The increase in NK cell activity and other immune modulating effects has been linked to improvement of symptoms such as constipation, diarrhea and joint pains which are seen in chronic illnesses.* Indeed, NK cells play a major role by being the first line of defense of the immune system*. RBAC is able to improve immune health by its ability to increase NK cell activity.* The protective efficacy of RBAC in canines may also contribute to improved health outcomes, including reduced morbidity and better management of chronic symptoms.

When using RBAC in research, determining its effects involves careful experimental design, including the use of negative control, positive control, and other controls to validate results. The effects are determined by measuring immune markers, body weight, and monitoring for weight loss as indicators of health. Data generated from these studies should be analyzed for significant difference and statistical significance to ensure robust conclusions. Immune markers are often presented on the cell surface and assessed using peripheral blood samples.

RBAC is available as PeakImmune4 through Daiwa Health Development in the US.

• These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not designed to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Further investigation and further studies are needed to confirm the benefits of RBAC in canines, and relevant data should be collected to support its use. Open access article distributed under Creative Commons licenses, such as those published in plos one, can provide valuable information for researchers and practitioners.

Sources:

Foltz, Jennifer A., et al. “NCR1 Expression Identifies Canine Natural Killer Cell Subsets with Phenotypic Similarity to Human Natural Killer Cells.” Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 7, 2016, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2016.00521.

Gingrich, Alicia A., et al. “Characterization and Potential Applications of Dog Natural Killer Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy.” Journal of Clinical Medicine, vol. 8, no. 11, 2019, p. 1802., doi:10.3390/jcm8111802.

Ichihashi, Kenichi. “Experience with Administration of BioBran in Patients with Chronic Rheumatism.” Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy, vol. 14, no. 4, July 2004, pp. 1–5.

Kamiya, Takeshi, et al. “Therapeutic Effects of Biobran, Modified Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, in Improving Symptoms of Diarrhea Predominant or Mixed Type Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Pilot, Randomized Controlled Study.” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2014, 2014, pp. 1–6., doi:10.1155/2014/828137.